{"id":4485,"date":"2024-09-17T10:54:12","date_gmt":"2024-09-17T01:54:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/dna-testing-in-criminal-cases\/"},"modified":"2024-09-27T15:20:22","modified_gmt":"2024-09-27T06:20:22","slug":"dna-testing-in-criminal-cases","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/dna-testing-in-criminal-cases\/?lang=zh-hans","title":{"rendered":"\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u3002"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>DNA <strong>\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong>\u5728\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u7f6a\u72af\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u8bc1\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1bDNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6027\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u8c0b\u6740\u3001\u62a2\u52ab\u548c\u653b\u51fb\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u56e0\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u3002\u4e0b\u6587\u5c06\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u591a\u6709\u5173\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. <strong>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u76ee\u7684<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u76ee\u7684\u662f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bc6\u522b<strong>\u7f6a\u72af<\/strong>\uff1a\u5bf9\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u9057\u7559\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u3001\u4f53\u6db2\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u788e\u7247\u3001\u6bdb\u53d1\u3001\u6307\u7532\u3001\u553e\u6db2\u7b49\u8fdb\u884c DNA \u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u7f6a\u72af\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6392\u9664\u5acc\u7591\u4eba<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u7684 DNA \u4e0e\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u7559\u4e0b\u7684 DNA \u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u65e0\u7f6a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005<\/strong>\u8eab\u4efd\u9274\u5b9a\uff1a\u5206\u6790\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684 DNA \u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u8eab\u4efd\u4e0d\u660e\u7684\u5c38\u4f53\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u786e\u5b9a<\/strong>\u6d89\u6848\u4eba\u5458\uff1a\u5728\u6d89\u6848\u4eba\u5458\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u73b0\u573a\u9057\u7559\u7684\u591a\u4e2a DNA \u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4efd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. <strong>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684 DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u8fdb\u884c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(1) <strong>\u53d6\u6837<\/strong>\u3002<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u73b0\u573a DNA \u91c7\u96c6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ece\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u9057\u7559\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6 DNA \u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5982\u8840\u6db2\u3001\u4f53\u6db2\u3001\u6bdb\u53d1\u548c\u553e\u6db2\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5730\u677f\u548c\u5bb6\u5177\u4e0a\u7684\u8840\u8ff9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8863\u670d\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4e0a\u7684\u8840\u8ff9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u548c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684 DNA \u91c7\u96c6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ece\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u548c\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u53e3\u8154\u9ecf\u819c\u548c\u8840\u6db2\u4e2d\u91c7\u96c6 DNA\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0e\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u7684\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(2) <strong>DNA \u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u6269\u589e<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ece\u91c7\u96c6\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6 DNA\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 PCR\uff08\u805a\u5408\u9176\u94fe\u53cd\u5e94\uff09\u6280\u672f\u5c06 DNA \u6269\u589e\u5230\u5206\u6790\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(3) <strong>\u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u578b\u3002<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u6269\u589e\u7684 DNA \u6837\u54c1\u8fdb\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u57fa\u56e0\u578b\uff08<a href=\"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/accuracy\/\">STR<\/a> \u6807\u8bb0\uff09\u5206\u6790\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4e2a\u4eba\u7279\u5b9a\u7684 DNA \u56fe\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">(4) <strong>DNA \u56fe\u8c31\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>\u521b\u5efa\u7684 DNA \u56fe\u8c31\u4e0e\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u7684 DNA \u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4e0e\u8b66\u65b9 DNA \u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u5982\u65e5\u672c\u7684 &#8220;D-Files&#8221;\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u524d\u7f6a\u72af\u6216\u672a\u51b3\u6848\u4ef6\u7684 DNA \u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. <strong>\u4f7f\u7528 DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u72af\u7f6a\u5b9e\u4f8b<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8c0b\u6740<\/strong>\uff1a\u9057\u7559\u5728\u8c0b\u6740\u73b0\u573a\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u548c\u4f53\u6db2\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u7684\u7269\u54c1\u4e0a\u7684 DNA\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u786e\u8ba4\u72af\u7f6a\u8005\u8eab\u4efd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ebf\u7d22\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6027\u72af\u7f6a<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u4ece\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u3001\u8863\u7269\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7269\u8bc1\u4e0a\u91c7\u96c6\u7f6a\u72af\u7684 DNA\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u8ba4\u4e0e\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u62a2\u52ab<\/strong>\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u72af\u7f6a\u4eba\u7684\u8840\u6db2\u3001\u76ae\u80a4\u788e\u7247\u6216\u72af\u7f6a\u65f6\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u4e0a\u53d1\u73b0\u7684 DNA \u786e\u5b9a\u72af\u7f6a\u4eba\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u88ad\u51fb<\/strong>\uff1a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u6216\u8087\u4e8b\u8005\u7684 DNA \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u4f55\u79cd\u63a5\u89e6\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u5b9a\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. <strong>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u529b\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u975e\u5e38\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8bc6\u522b\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u8bef\u8ba4\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u4f4e\uff0c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684 DNA \u56fe\u8c31\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6982\u7387\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u5c0f\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u50a8\u5b58\u5bf9\u4e8e\u786e\u4fdd\u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. <strong>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u6837\u672c\u6c61\u67d3<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c DNA \u6837\u672c\u53d7\u5230\u6c61\u67d3\u6216\u6df7\u6742\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u83b7\u5f97\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u540c\u4e00\u5730\u70b9\u6709\u591a\u4e2a DNA \u6837\u672c\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u8fd9<strong>\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u65f6\u95f4<\/strong>\uff1a\u7d27\u6025\u75c5\u4f8b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f46\u590d\u6742\u75c5\u4f8b\u6216\u5927\u6837\u672c\u91cf\u75c5\u4f8b\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6570\u5468\u6216\u6570\u6708\u624d\u80fd\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u89e3\u91ca\u56f0\u96be<\/strong>\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a DNA \u5c5e\u4e8e\u8c01\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4eba\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002\u9700\u8981\u7531\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. <strong>DNA \u6570\u636e\u5e93<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8b66\u65b9\u5229\u7528 DNA \u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u5211\u4e8b\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u524d\u902e\u6355\u7684\u7f6a\u72af\u548c\u672a\u51b3\u6848\u4ef6\u7684 DNA \u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u65b0\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684 DNA \u6837\u672c\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u76f8\u7b26\uff0c\u5c31\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u786e\u5b9a\u5acc\u7591\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. <strong>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6cd5\u5ead\u8bc1\u636e\u4e5f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0a\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4e25\u683c\u9075\u5b88\u6837\u672c\u91c7\u96c6\u548c\u50a8\u5b58\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u5f53\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6837\u672c\u65e0\u6cd5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u636e\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6458\u8981<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DNA \u9274\u5b9a<\/strong>\u662f\u5211\u4e8b\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u8bc6\u522b\u7f6a\u72af\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6781\u4e3a\u6709\u529b\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u72af\u7f6a\u73b0\u573a\u9057\u7559\u7684 DNA \u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u67e5\u660e\u7f6a\u72af\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u8bc1\u660e\u5176\u6e05\u767d\u505a\u51fa\u91cd\u5927\u8d21\u732e\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u5206\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u53ef\u9760\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u59a5\u5584\u5904\u7406\u6837\u672c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u4e25\u683c\u5206\u6790\u3002DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u5728\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u4f46\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u6837\u672c\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bc1\u636e\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u5728\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u7f6a\u72af\u548c\u52a0\u5f3a\u8bc1\u636e\u65b9\u9762\u8d77\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1bDNA \u68c0\u6d4b\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u6027\u72af\u7f6a\u3001\u8c0b\u6740\u3001\u62a2\u52ab\u548c\u653b\u51fb\u6848\u4ef6\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u56e0\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u53ef\u9760\u7684&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3207,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[32,81,78,65,66,83,68],"class_list":{"0":"post-4485","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-genetic-testing-zh-hans","8":"tag-beginner-zh-hans","9":"tag-dna_profiling-zh-hans","10":"tag-dna_test-zh-hans","11":"tag-forensic_science-zh-hans","12":"tag-accuracy-zh-hans","13":"tag-result-zh-hans","14":"tag-analysis-zh-hans","15":"article"},"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4485","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4485"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4485\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4489,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4485\/revisions\/4489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3207"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4485"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4485"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hiro-clinic.or.jp\/nippt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4485"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}