STR

What is the importance of STR in paternity testing?

遺伝子

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The importance of STRs (short chain repeat sequences) in paternity testing is very high, and this stands out for several reasons. The main reasons are detailed below:

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  1. High diversity and identification
    Polymorphism: STRs have a high degree of polymorphism (genetic diversity among individuals) because of the different number of repeats between each individual. This makes individual identification and parent-child relationships very accurate.
    Discriminating power: High polymorphism allows accurate identification of DNA profiles of different individuals.
  2. genetic inheritance
    Mendel’s laws: STRs are inherited from parent to child according to Mendel’s laws. That is, each STR allele of a child inherits one from each parent.
    Confirmation of paternity: Paternity testing confirms whether a child has inherited a particular allele from its parents by comparing the alleles of specific STR markers.
  3. Analytical Simplicity and Accuracy
    Amplification by PCR: STR can be easily amplified using PCR (polymerase chain reaction), allowing analysis of even small amounts of DNA samples.
    High accuracy: Modern DNA analysis techniques allow STR profiling to be performed with extremely high accuracy, detecting even the smallest differences.
  4. Standardization and Databases
    Standardization: A standard set of STR markers for forensic DNA profiling is used internationally. This facilitates comparison of results between different laboratories and countries.
    Comparison with database: STR profiles are compared with the database to confirm parent-child relationships and personal identification.
    Specific Uses
    Paternity: Proves the parent-child relationship by comparing the STR profiles of the child and the parent and confirming the matching alleles.
    Forensic: DNA samples from crime scenes are compared with those of suspects for personal identification.
  5. Genetic research: STRs are also widely used in genealogy and population genetics studies. Forensic: DNA samples from crime scenes are compared with those of suspects for personal identification.
  6. Summary
  7. HIRO CLINIC offers prenatal and postnatal paternity testing using STR.

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医師監修 監修日：2024年8月6日

岡 博史 （おか ひろし）

医師・医学博士 ／ ヒロクリニック統括院長

YouTubeチャンネルなどを通じて、遺伝子やNIPT（新型出生前診断）についてわかりやすく発信しています。

略歴

  • 1996年 慶應義塾大学医学部 卒業
  • 2004年 慶應義塾大学 医学博士号 取得
  • 2005年 慶應義塾大学 皮膚科学教室 助手
  • 2008年 ヒロ皮フ形成クリニック 開業
  • 2009年 医療法人社団福美会 理事長
  • 2015年 医療法人社団福美会 理事

資格・所属

  • CAPラボディレクター
  • 日本皮膚科学会 皮膚科専門医
  • 日本医師会 産業医
  • 東京衛生検査所 指導監督医

発信・関連リンク

この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。

医師監修 監修日：2024年8月6日

堤 修一 （つつみ しゅういち）

医師・医学博士 ／ ヒロクリニック博多駅前院 院長

略歴

  • 1993年 東京大学医学部医学科 卒業
  • 2016〜2019年 東京大学先端科学技術研究センター 准教授

発信・関連リンク

この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。

参考文献

  1. Jeffreys AJ, Wilson V, Thein SL. Individual-specific 'fingerprints' of human DNA. Nature. 1985;316(6023):76-79.
  2. Edwards A, Civitello A, Hammond HA, Caskey CT. DNA typing and genetic mapping with trimeric and tetrameric tandem repeats. Am J Hum Genet. 1991;49(4):746-756.
  3. Butler JM. Forensic DNA Typing: Biology, Technology, and Genetics of STR Markers. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press; 2005.

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Supervisor of the article

Dr. Hiroshi Oka

Director of CAP Laboratory

Graduated from Keio University, Faculty of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine

Medical Doctor