親子関係について

What to look out for in a surrogate mother’s pregnancy (prenatal paternity test).

親子鑑定　NIPPT　DNA鑑定　妊娠検査薬　陽性

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Summary of this article

Learn what to expect from a prenatal parentage test in a surrogate mother's pregnancy. Review important points to know in advance, such as the timing of the evaluation, legal issues, and the impact on the family.

Prenatal paternity testing is also possible in surrogate mother cases. However, special considerations must be taken into account that differ from a normal paternity test. The following section describes prenatal paternity testing in surrogate mother cases.

1. Clarification of the persons to be appraised

When using a surrogate mother, the fetus may involve three genetic relatives:

  • Genetic mother: the woman who donated the oocyte.
  • Genetic father: the man who donated the sperm.
  • Surrogate mother: the woman who gives birth to the fetus (usually not genetically related, but in rare cases the surrogate mother may use her own eggs).

In a prenatal paternity test, it is first necessary to clarify who is the genetic parent.

2. Methods of prenatal paternity testing

  • Samples from the mother: Fetal DNA is present in small amounts in the mother’s blood during pregnancy. A sample of the mother’s blood is usually taken to extract the fetal DNA.
  • Comparison with DNA of the potential father: a DNA sample of the potential father (usually an oral swab or blood) is used and compared with the fetus’ DNA.

3. The impact of surrogate mothers

  • If the surrogate mother is not the genetic mother: usually the surrogate mother’s DNA does not affect the fetus. Therefore, the surrogate mother’s DNA is not involved in the test. The test is carried out between the fetus’ DNA and the DNA of the genetic mother and potential father.
  • If the surrogate mother is the genetic mother: in this case, the surrogate mother is included in the test as the genetic mother. This means that the DNA of the fetus is compared with the DNA of the surrogate mother and the DNA of the potential father.

4. Technical and Ethical considerations

  • Sample handling: in surrogate mother cases, particular care must be taken in handling the sample to ensure that the surrogate mother’s DNA is not accidentally mixed with that of the genetic mother.
  • Legal and ethical considerations: legal advice and ethical guidance is important when using surrogate mothers, as the legal aspects can be complex.

Summary

Prenatal paternity testing is also possible in surrogate mother cases, but it is necessary to clarify who is the genetic parent and to use an appropriate sample for the test. If the surrogate mother is not the genetic mother, the procedure is almost identical to a normal prenatal paternity test. If the genetic mother is the surrogate mother, special considerations must be made accordingly. In addition, legal and ethical aspects must also be carefully addressed.

医師監修 監修日：2024年8月28日

岡 博史 （おか ひろし）

医師・医学博士 ／ ヒロクリニック統括院長

YouTubeチャンネルなどを通じて、遺伝子やNIPT（新型出生前診断）についてわかりやすく発信しています。

略歴

  • 1996年 慶應義塾大学医学部 卒業
  • 2004年 慶應義塾大学 医学博士号 取得
  • 2005年 慶應義塾大学 皮膚科学教室 助手
  • 2008年 ヒロ皮フ形成クリニック 開業
  • 2009年 医療法人社団福美会 理事長
  • 2015年 医療法人社団福美会 理事

資格・所属

  • CAPラボディレクター
  • 日本皮膚科学会 皮膚科専門医
  • 日本医師会 産業医
  • 東京衛生検査所 指導監督医

発信・関連リンク

この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。

医師監修 監修日：2024年8月28日

堤 修一 （つつみ しゅういち）

医師・医学博士 ／ ヒロクリニック博多駅前院 院長

略歴

  • 1993年 東京大学医学部医学科 卒業
  • 2016〜2019年 東京大学先端科学技術研究センター 准教授

発信・関連リンク

この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。

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Supervisor of the article

Dr. Hiroshi Oka

Director of CAP Laboratory

Graduated from Keio University, Faculty of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine

Medical Doctor