Summary of this article
親子鑑定における胎児分画率(FF:Fetal Fraction)は、特に非侵襲的出生前親子鑑定(NIPT:Non-invasive Prenatal Paternity Test)において重要です。この値は、母親の血液に含まれる胎児のDNA(cfDNA:cell-free DNA)が全体のDNAの中で占める割合を示しています。胎児分画率が低すぎると、鑑定の精度が下がり、正確な結果が得られない可能性があるため、胎児分画率を正確に測定することが重要です。
How to obtain FF (Fetal Fraction Fractionation Rate) from STR analysis
STR (Short Tandem Repeat) is a method for analyzing the repeat pattern of a specific region of DNA in paternity testing.
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Procedure:
Separation of maternal and fetal cfDNA:
- cfDNA is collected from the mother’s blood to distinguish between DNA of maternal and fetal origin. Fetal-derived DNA is less abundant than maternal-derived DNA because it flows mainly from the placenta into the mother’s blood.
特定のSTRマーカーの解析:
- STR markers are short repeating sequences in specific gene regions that have different patterns in different individuals. DNA from the mother and presumptive father are compared and the STR profile of the fetus is matched to that of the mother.

Calculation of Fetal Fractionation Rate (FF):
- The peak ratios of common and different STR markers of the mother and fetus are used to calculate the fraction of DNA of fetal origin. Specifically, the peak intensities of maternal cfDNA and fetal cfDNA are compared, and the fetal fractionation rate is derived from the ratios. Usually, a highly reliable result is obtained when the fractionation rate of DNA of fetal origin is 4% or higher.
結果の確認:
- After the fetal fractionation rate is calculated, the reliability of the results of the paternity test is confirmed. If the fractionation rate is low, retesting may be necessary.
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Fetal fractionation rate criteria:
- It is usually recommended that the fetal fractionation rate be at least 4% for non-invasive paternity testing performed after the sixth week of pregnancy.This ensures that the fetal DNA is sufficiently contained to provide a reliable test result.
Fetal fractionation rate is an important indicator to ensure the reliability of the paternity test, and this value must be adequate to obtain accurate test results.
略歴
- 1996年 慶應義塾大学医学部 卒業
- 2004年 慶應義塾大学 医学博士号 取得
- 2005年 慶應義塾大学 皮膚科学教室 助手
- 2008年 ヒロ皮フ形成クリニック 開業
- 2009年 医療法人社団福美会 理事長
- 2015年 医療法人社団福美会 理事
資格・所属
- CAPラボディレクター
- 日本皮膚科学会 皮膚科専門医
- 日本医師会 産業医
- 東京衛生検査所 指導監督医
この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。
堤 修一 (つつみ しゅういち)
医師・医学博士 / ヒロクリニック博多駅前院 院長
略歴
- 1993年 東京大学医学部医学科 卒業
- 2016〜2019年 東京大学先端科学技術研究センター 准教授
発信・関連リンク
この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。
参考文献
- Lo YM, Corbetta N, Chamberlain PF, Rai V, Sargent IL, Redman CW, Wainscoat JS. Presence of fetal DNA in maternal plasma and serum. Lancet. 1997 Aug 16;350(9076):485-7.
- Hall MP, Flores-Oritz J, Greenhalgh S, de Feo E, Demko Z, Rabinowitz M. Non-invasive prenatal paternity testing using maternal plasma. Prenat Diagn. 2013 Oct;33(10):956-61.
- Ashoor G, Syngelaki A, Poon LC, Rezende JC, Nicolaides KH. Fetal fraction in maternal plasma in screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 by cell-free DNA testing. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2013 Jan;41(1):26-32.
- Ou X, Sun H, Du Y, Chen S, Chen S, Zheng X, et al. Non-invasive prenatal paternity testing (NIPPT) using massive parallel sequencing of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Forensic Sci Int Genet. 2018 Nov;37:214-221.
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Supervisor of the article

Dr. Hiroshi Oka
Graduated from Keio University, Faculty of Medicine
Doctor of Medicine
Medical Doctor




