Genetic Testing

On prenatal paternity testing using SNPs.

NIPPT　DNA父子鑑定

↓今すぐDNA出生前親子鑑定を予約する↓

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What is SNP?

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is a type of point mutation in which one base is replaced by another in a DNA sequence. SNPs are very common in human genetic information and are important markers of genetic differences between individuals. By analyzing these SNPs, parent-child relationships and an individual’s genetic background can be studied.

What is a prenatal paternity test?

Prenatal paternity testing confirms who the father is by analyzing the fetus’ DNA. Traditional methods usually test for parent-child relationships after birth, but modern technology allows the parent-child relationship to be verified even during pregnancy.

Methods of prenatal parentage testing using SNPs.

  1. Fetal DNA sample collection:
  • In prenatal paternity testing, free DNA (cfDNA) of fetal origin in the blood of a pregnant woman is collected. This DNA enters the pregnant woman’s bloodstream from around the sixth week of pregnancy and can therefore be obtained non-invasively by a blood test.
  1. DNA samples taken from mother and presumed father:
  • DNA samples of the mother and presumed father are also taken. These are usually done using swabs taken from the mucous membranes of the mouth.
  1. SNP analysis:
  • Fetal cfDNA is compared to DNA samples from the mother and presumed father and analyzed for SNP matches; SNPs are numerous and their combination determines the genetic match. If the pattern of SNPs in the father’s DNA and the fetus’ DNA match, it is considered very likely that the man is the father.
  1. Interpretation of results:.
  • Based on the results of the SNP analysis, the presence or absence of a parent-child relationship is confirmed: if the SNP match is high, it is concluded that a parent-child relationship exists.

Advantages of prenatal parentage testing using SNPs.

  • Non-invasive: fetal DNA samples can be taken from the pregnant woman’s blood, eliminating the need for invasive techniques such as amniocentesis or chorionic villus examination.
  • High accuracy: SNP analysis can determine parent-child relationships with a very high degree of accuracy and therefore provides reliable results.
  • Early identification: the test can be performed from the sixth week of pregnancy onwards, allowing early confirmation of parent-child relationships.

Conclusion

Prenatal paternity testing using SNPs is a non-invasive and highly accurate method widely used to confirm parent-child relationships. The technique enables safe and reliable confirmation of parent-child relationships during pregnancy, providing important information for many families.

医師監修 監修日：2024年8月22日

岡 博史 （おか ひろし）

医師・医学博士 ／ ヒロクリニック統括院長

YouTubeチャンネルなどを通じて、遺伝子やNIPT（新型出生前診断）についてわかりやすく発信しています。

略歴

  • 1996年 慶應義塾大学医学部 卒業
  • 2004年 慶應義塾大学 医学博士号 取得
  • 2005年 慶應義塾大学 皮膚科学教室 助手
  • 2008年 ヒロ皮フ形成クリニック 開業
  • 2009年 医療法人社団福美会 理事長
  • 2015年 医療法人社団福美会 理事

資格・所属

  • CAPラボディレクター
  • 日本皮膚科学会 皮膚科専門医
  • 日本医師会 産業医
  • 東京衛生検査所 指導監督医

発信・関連リンク

この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。

医師監修 監修日：2024年8月22日

堤 修一 （つつみ しゅういち）

医師・医学博士 ／ ヒロクリニック博多駅前院 院長

略歴

  • 1993年 東京大学医学部医学科 卒業
  • 2016〜2019年 東京大学先端科学技術研究センター 准教授

発信・関連リンク

この記事は、 ヒロクリニックNIPPTの編集・監修体制 にもとづき、資格を持つ医師が内容を確認しています。

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Supervisor of the article

Dr. Hiroshi Oka

Director of CAP Laboratory

Graduated from Keio University, Faculty of Medicine

Doctor of Medicine

Medical Doctor